生(Sheng)态(Tai)透(Tou)水(Shui)砖(Zhuan)是(Shi)一(Yi)种(Zhong)具(Ju)有(You)高(Gao)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)、(?)生(Sheng)态(Tai)环(Huan)保(Bao)功(Gong)能(Neng)的(De)新(Xin)型(Xing)路(Lu)面(Mian)材(Cai)料(Liao),(?)广(Guang)泛(Fan)应(Ying)用(Yong)于(Yu)海(Hai)绵(Mian)城(Cheng)市(Shi)建(Jian)设(She)中(Zhong)。(?)生(Sheng)态(Tai)透(Tou)水(Shui)砖(Zhuan)的(De)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)能(Neng)受(Shou)材(Cai)料(Liao)、(?)结(Jie)构(Gou)、(?)环(Huan)境(Jing)等(Deng)多(Duo)方(Fang)面(Mian)因(Yin)素(Su)影(Ying)响(Xiang),(?)以(Yi)下(Xia)是(Shi)具(Ju)体(Ti)分(Fen)析(Xi):(?)

一(Yi)、(?)材(Cai)料(Liao)组(Zu)成(Cheng)与(Yu)配(Pei)比(Bi)
1. 骨(Gu)料(Liao)类(Lei)型(Xing)与(Yu)粒(Li)径(Jing)
骨(Gu)料(Liao)种(Zhong)类(Lei):(?)采(Cai)用(Yong)碎(Sui)石(Shi)、(?)陶(Tao)粒(Li)、(?)矿(Kuang)渣(Zha)等(Deng)多(Duo)孔(Kong)骨(Gu)料(Liao),(?)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)率(Lu)更(Geng)高(Gao),(?)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)能(Neng)优(You)于(Yu)普(Pu)通(Tong)砂(Sha)石(Shi)。(?)
粒(Li)径(Jing)大(Da)小(Xiao):(?)骨(Gu)料(Liao)粒(Li)径(Jing)越(Yue)大(Da),(?)颗(Ke)粒(Li)间(Jian)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)越(Yue)大(Da),(?)透(Tou)水(Shui)速(Su)度(Du)越(Yue)快(Kuai),(?)但(Dan)强(Qiang)度(Du)可(Ke)能(Neng)降(Jiang)低(Di);(?)粒(Li)径(Jing)过(Guo)小(Xiao)则(Ze)易(Yi)堵(Du)塞(Sai)孔(Kong)隙(Xi),(?)影(Ying)响(Xiang)透(Tou)水(Shui)效(Xiao)率(Lu)。(?)
2. 胶(Jiao)结(Jie)材(Cai)料(Liao)用(Yong)量(Liang)
胶(Jiao)结(Jie)材(Cai)料(Liao)((?)如(Ru)水(Shui)泥(Ni)、(?)树(Shu)脂(Zhi))(?)用(Yong)量(Liang)过(Guo)多(Duo)会(Hui)填(Tian)充(Chong)骨(Gu)料(Liao)间(Jian)隙(Xi),(?)减(Jian)少(Shao)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)率(Lu),(?)降(Jiang)低(Di)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing);(?)用(Yong)量(Liang)过(Guo)少(Shao)则(Ze)影(Ying)响(Xiang)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)强(Qiang)度(Du),(?)导(Dao)致(Zhi)破(Po)碎(Sui)堵(Du)塞(Sai)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)。(?)
3. 添(Tian)加(Jia)剂(Ji)特(Te)性(Xing)
掺(Chan)入(Ru)减(Jian)水(Shui)剂(Ji)、(?)引(Yin)气(Qi)剂(Ji)等(Deng)可(Ke)改(Gai)善(Shan)骨(Gu)料(Liao)分(Fen)散(San)性(Xing),(?)优(You)化(Hua)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)结(Jie)构(Gou);(?)但(Dan)过(Guo)量(Liang)添(Tian)加(Jia)剂(Ji)可(Ke)能(Neng)影(Ying)响(Xiang)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)密(Mi)实(Shi)度(Du),(?)间(Jian)接(Jie)降(Jiang)低(Di)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)。(?)
二(?)、(?)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)结(Jie)构(Gou)设(She)计(Ji)
1. 孔(Kong)隙(Xi)率(Lu)与(Yu)孔(Kong)径(Jing)分(Fen)布(Bu)
孔(Kong)隙(Xi)率(Lu)是(Shi)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)能(Neng)的(De)核(He)心(Xin)指(Zhi)标(Biao),(?)通(Tong)常(Chang)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)率(Lu)越(Yue)高(Gao)((?)如(Ru)20%~30%)(?),(?)透(Tou)水(Shui)速(Su)度(Du)越(Yue)快(Kuai);(?)孔(Kong)径(Jing)分(Fen)布(Bu)均(Jun)匀(Yun)且(Qie)连(Lian)通(Tong)性(Xing)好(Hao)的(De)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti),(?)透(Tou)水(Shui)效(Xiao)率(Lu)更(Geng)稳(Wen)定(Ding)。(?)
2. 厚(Hou)度(Du)与(Yu)分(Fen)层(Ceng)结(Jie)构(Gou)
砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)过(Guo)厚(Hou)会(Hui)增(Zeng)加(Jia)水(Shui)流(Liu)渗(Shen)透(Tou)路(Lu)径(Jing),(?)降(Jiang)低(Di)透(Tou)水(Shui)速(Su)度(Du);(?)分(Fen)层(Ceng)设(She)计(Ji)((?)如(Ru)上(Shang)层(Ceng)粗(Cu)骨(Gu)料(Liao)透(Tou)水(Shui)、(?)下(Xia)层(Ceng)细(Xi)骨(Gu)料(Liao)储(Chu)水(Shui))(?)可(Ke)优(You)化(Hua)透(Tou)水(Shui)与(Yu)储(Chu)水(Shui)功(Gong)能(Neng)。(?)
3. 表(Biao)面(Mian)开(Kai)口(Kou)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)比(Bi)例(Li)
表(Biao)面(Mian)封(Feng)闭(Bi)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)过(Guo)多(Duo)会(Hui)阻(Zu)碍(Ai)雨(Yu)水(Shui)进(Jin)入(Ru),(?)开(Kai)口(Kou)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)率(Lu)高(Gao)的(De)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)更(Geng)易(Yi)快(Kuai)速(Su)吸(Xi)水(Shui)。(?)
三(San)、(?)施(Shi)工(Gong)与(Yu)铺(Pu)设(She)条(Tiao)件(Jian)
1. 基(Ji)层(Ceng)处(Chu)理(Li)
基(Ji)层(Ceng)((?)如(Ru)砂(Sha)垫(Dian)层(Ceng)、(?)混(Hun)凝(Ning)土(Tu)层(Ceng))(?)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)差(Cha)或(Huo)压(Ya)实(Shi)过(Guo)度(Du),(?)会(Hui)导(Dao)致(Zhi)透(Tou)水(Shui)砖(Zhuan)下(Xia)方(Fang)形(Xing)成(Cheng)“防(Fang)水(Shui)层(Ceng)”,(?)阻(Zu)碍(Ai)雨(Yu)水(Shui)下(Xia)渗(Shen)。(?)
2. 铺(Pu)设(She)平(Ping)整(Zheng)度(Du)与(Yu)缝(Feng)隙(Xi)
铺(Pu)设(She)不(Bu)平(Ping)整(Zheng)或(Huo)缝(Feng)隙(Xi)过(Guo)小(Xiao)((?)如(Ru)小(Xiao)于(Yu)5mm)(?),(?)易(Yi)导(Dao)致(Zhi)局(Ju)部(Bu)积(Ji)水(Shui),(?)影(Ying)响(Xiang)整(Zheng)体(Ti)透(Tou)水(Shui)效(Xiao)率(Lu);(?)缝(Feng)隙(Xi)过(Guo)大(Da)则(Ze)可(Ke)能(Neng)使(Shi)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)移(Yi)位(Wei),(?)破(Po)坏(Huai)结(Jie)构(Gou)。(?)
3. 接(Jie)缝(Feng)材(Cai)料(Liao)选(Xuan)择(Ze)
使(Shi)用(Yong)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)填(Tian)料(Liao)((?)如(Ru)粗(Cu)砂(Sha)、(?)碎(Sui)石(Shi))(?)填(Tian)充(Chong)砖(Zhuan)缝(Feng),(?)可(Ke)避(Bi)免(Mian)传(Chuan)统(Tong)水(Shui)泥(Ni)砂(Sha)浆(Jiang)堵(Du)塞(Sai)孔(Kong)隙(Xi),(?)维(Wei)持(Chi)透(Tou)水(Shui)路(Lu)径(Jing)畅(Chang)通(Tong)。(?)
四(Si)、(?)环(Huan)境(Jing)与(Yu)使(Shi)用(Yong)因(Yin)素(Su)
1. 污(Wu)染(Ran)物(Wu)堵(Du)塞(Sai)
空(Kong)气(Qi)中(Zhong)的(De)粉(Fen)尘(Chen)、(?)路(Lu)面(Mian)泥(Ni)沙(Sha)、(?)油(You)污(Wu)等(Deng)长(Chang)期(Qi)沉(Chen)积(Ji),(?)会(Hui)逐(Zhu)渐(Jian)堵(Du)塞(Sai)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)孔(Kong)隙(Xi),(?)尤(You)其(Qi)是(Shi)细(Xi)骨(Gu)料(Liao)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)或(Huo)低(Di)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)率(Lu)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti),(?)堵(Du)塞(Sai)风(Feng)险(Xian)更(Geng)高(Gao)。(?)
2. 温(Wen)度(Du)与(Yu)冻(Dong)融(Rong)循(Xun)环(Huan)
寒(Han)冷(Leng)地(Di)区(Qu)冻(Dong)融(Rong)循(Xun)环(Huan)会(Hui)导(Dao)致(Zhi)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)内(Nei)水(Shui)分(Fen)结(Jie)冰(Bing)膨(Peng)胀(Zhang),(?)可(Ke)能(Neng)破(Po)坏(Huai)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)结(Jie)构(Gou),(?)降(Jiang)低(Di)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)甚(Shen)至(Zhi)引(Yin)发(Fa)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)破(Po)裂(Lie)。(?)
3. 荷(He)载(Zai)与(Yu)磨(Mo)损(Sun)
高(Gao)频(Pin)高(Gao)荷(He)载(Zai)((?)如(Ru)重(Zhong)型(Xing)车(Che)辆(Liang)碾(Nian)压(Ya))(?)会(Hui)使(Shi)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)表(Biao)面(Mian)磨(Mo)损(Sun)、(?)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)闭(Bi)合(He),(?)或(Huo)导(Dao)致(Zhi)基(Ji)层(Ceng)沉(Chen)降(Jiang)变(Bian)形(Xing),(?)间(Jian)接(Jie)影(Ying)响(Xiang)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)能(Neng)。(?)
4. 植(Zhi)被(Bei)根(Gen)系(Xi)侵(Qin)入(Ru)
在(Zai)植(Zhi)被(Bei)覆(Fu)盖(Gai)区(Qu)域(Yu),(?)植(Zhi)物(Wu)根(Gen)系(Xi)可(Ke)能(Neng)穿(Chuan)透(Tou)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)孔(Kong)隙(Xi),(?)长(Chang)期(Qi)生(Sheng)长(Chang)会(Hui)堵(Du)塞(Sai)通(Tong)道(Dao),(?)影(Ying)响(Xiang)透(Tou)水(Shui)效(Xiao)果(Guo)。(?)
五(Wu)、(?)维(Wei)护(Hu)与(Yu)清(Qing)洁(Jie)频(Pin)率(Lu)
定(Ding)期(Qi)清(Qing)理(Li):(?)未(Wei)及(Ji)时(Shi)清(Qing)扫(Sao)砖(Zhuan)面(Mian)杂(Za)物(Wu)、(?)冲(Chong)洗(Xi)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)内(Nei)沉(Chen)积(Ji)物(Wu),(?)会(Hui)加(Jia)速(Su)堵(Du)塞(Sai);(?)高(Gao)压(Ya)水(Shui)枪(Qiang)冲(Chong)洗(Xi)频(Pin)率(Lu)不(Bu)足(Zu)或(Huo)方(Fang)法(Fa)不(Bu)当(Dang)((?)如(Ru)压(Ya)力(Li)过(Guo)高(Gao)破(Po)坏(Huai)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti))(?),(?)也(Ye)会(Hui)影(Ying)响(Xiang)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)。(?)
化(Hua)学(Xue)清(Qing)洗(Xi)影(Ying)响(Xiang):(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)强(Qiang)酸(Suan)性(Xing)或(Huo)碱(Jian)性(Xing)清(Qing)洁(Jie)剂(Ji)可(Ke)能(Neng)腐(Fu)蚀(Shi)砖(Zhuan)体(Ti)材(Cai)料(Liao),(?)导(Dao)致(Zhi)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)结(Jie)构(Gou)劣(Lie)化(Hua)。(?)
生(Sheng)态(Tai)透(Tou)水(Shui)砖(Zhuan)的(De)透(Tou)水(Shui)性(Xing)能(Neng)是(Shi)材(Cai)料(Liao)科(Ke)学(Xue)、(?)结(Jie)构(Gou)设(She)计(Ji)、(?)施(Shi)工(Gong)工(Gong)艺(Yi)与(Yu)环(Huan)境(Jing)适(Shi)应(Ying)性(Xing)共(Gong)同(Tong)作(Zuo)用(Yong)的(De)结(Jie)果(Guo)。(?)实(Shi)际(Ji)应(Ying)用(Yong)中(Zhong)需(Xu)通(Tong)过(Guo)优(You)化(Hua)骨(Gu)料(Liao)级(Ji)配(Pei)、(?)控(Kong)制(Zhi)胶(Jiao)结(Jie)材(Cai)料(Liao)用(Yong)量(Liang)、(?)加(Jia)强(Qiang)施(Shi)工(Gong)质(Zhi)量(Liang)管(Guan)控(Kong),(?)并(Bing)结(Jie)合(He)定(Ding)期(Qi)维(Wei)护(Hu)((?)如(Ru)高(Gao)压(Ya)冲(Chong)洗(Xi)、(?)孔(Kong)隙(Xi)疏(Shu)通(Tong))(?),(?)才(Cai)能(Neng)长(Chang)期(Qi)维(Wei)持(Chi)其(Qi)透(Tou)水(Shui)效(Xiao)能(Neng),(?)发(Fa)挥(Hui)海(Hai)绵(Mian)城(Cheng)市(Shi)建(Jian)设(She)中(Zhong)的(De)生(Sheng)态(Tai)价(Jia)值(Zhi)。(?)